Efavir (Evavirenz)

Efavir (Efavirenz) provides highly effective control and treatment of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus) infections. However, it is only used with other anti-retroviral drugs and not on its own. This is because monotherapy with this medicine allows the virus to become rapidly resistant to it, which can make treatment difficult. It is classified as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and its pharmacological action involves diffusing in the cells and attaching to the HIV enzyme responsible for the recreation of viral DNA (reverse transcriptase). It inhibits this enzyme in a non-competitive manner, and this stops the virus from spreading. Other drugs are added to the treatment, and this is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy. When used as directed by a physician, it can reduce HIV blood levels and prevent illnesses.

Dosage and AdministrationEfavir (Efavirenz) is available in two separate forms, which include 200mg capsules and 600mg tablets. The strength of the dosage required will be decided by the physician, based on the patient`s body weight. Adults are generally directed by their physician to take a single 600mg tablet per day, at bedtime. It is administered on an empty stomach, as taking it alongside meals or after eating could worsen side effects. Other patients who need a lower dosage may be instructed to use the 200mg capsules, however the exact dosage will vary significantly depending on the specific body weight of each individual. Therefore, all patients must comply with the dosage regimen that their physician plans for them. Only administer the amount of medication that your physician directs you to take.

Side effectsBe aware of the possible side effects that Efavir (Efavirenz) can cause. Certain reactions are listed here:

• Nausea
• Fatigue
• Vertigo
• Lipodystrophy
• Concentration difficulties

Your physician will regularly conduct various medical assessments so that your condition can be monitored. All side effects (no matter how mild) must be thoroughly reported. Rarely, serious reactions will occur. Should you experience bloody urine, abnormal behavioral disturbances, significant appetite reduction, speech problems, unexplained weigh increases or any other severe side effects, see your physician immediately.

PrecautionsEfavir (Efavirenz) is unable to cure a HIV infection. Therefore, patients must bear in mind that precautions should be taken to stop them from infecting others. This includes practicing safe sex, avoiding the sharing of toothbrushes, razors or needles, as well as other measures.

Liver function tests will be a requirement for the entire duration of treatment with this medicine. Your physician may also need to check you regularly for signs of other serious conditions, such as osteonecrosis.